Urbanization as a Social Problem essays

Urbanization as a Social Problem expositions How is urbanization contrarily affecting our general public? The response to this inquiry is certifiably not a straightforward one. This exposition won't just separate the issues of urbanization in the United States, however it will likewise reveal to you a portion of the endeavors made to fix the issue and give a few arrangements with respect to how it might be understood later on. Likewise while addressing this inquiry one must comprehend that urbanization, can not be halted, however just contained in a way that will assist the United States with functioning better as a nation. The more thickly populated and progressively heterogeneous a network is, the more complemented qualities can be related with urbanism. Urbanism causes decline in per capita, and advances urban brutality, political flimsiness, wrongdoing and forceful conduct. Quick populace development in urban regions likewise sustains destitution. Another significant issue being made by this social issue is the breaking of the customary family structure. Our urban areas are not functioning admirably! Sanitation, wellbeing, transportation, lodging, instruction and even power are coming up short. These are generally obligations of the administration or it is in any event their business to direct these administrations regarded to be restraining infrastructures. Also, syndications consider toward wastefulness. Functionalist take a gander at our urban communities as a way to benefit. Urban areas are where everyone visits, and therefor merchants can raise their costs and benefit more on their items. For instance, from my very own understanding, I purchased a pack of cigarettes for $3.00 at my nearby service station, and when I visited downtown Orlando, I purchased a similar brand of cigarettes for $4.00. This is only a minor model, and the greater part of the occupants in a urban zone are in a tough situation managing the $3.00 pack on the off chance that they smoke considerably less adding a dollar to the effectively strange expense. In the United States, the breaking of the customary fami ... <!

Global Marketing and RD Essay Example

Worldwide Marketing and RD Paper Worldwide Marketing and R D Chapter Outline OPENING CASE: Dove †Building a Global Brand INTRODUCTION THE GLOBALIZATION OF MARKETS AND BRANDS MARKET SEGMENTATION Management Focus: Marketing to Black Brazil PRODUCT ATTRIBUTES Cultural Differences Economic Development Product and Technical Standards DISTRIBUTION STRATEGY Differences between Countries Choosing a Distribution Strategy COMMUNICATION STRATEGY Barriers to International Communication Management Focus: Overcoming Cultural Barriers to Selling Tampons Push Versus Pull Strategies Management Focus: Unileverâ€Selling to India’s Poor Global Advertising Evaluating STRATEGY Price Discrimination Strategic Pricing Regulatory Influences on Prices CONFIGURING THE MARKETING MIX Management Focus: Castor Oil in Vietnam NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT The Location of RD Integrating RD, Marketing, and Production Cross-Functional Teams Building Global RD Capabilities SUMMARY CRITICAL THINKING AND DISCUSSION QUESTIONS CLOSING CASE: Levi Strauss Goes Local Learning Objectives 1. Clarify why it may bode well to shift the traits of an item from nation to nation. 2. Articulate why and how an organizations dissemination framework may shift among nations. . Distinguish why and how publicizing and limited time systems may differ among nations. 4. Clarify why and how an organizations valuing system may change among nations. 5. Talk about how the globalization of the world economy is influencing new-item advancement inside the worldwide business firm Chapter Summary This section centers around the advertising and RD exercises of worldwide firms. The section sta rts with a survey of the four components that comprise an organizations showcasing blend: item traits, conveyance procedure, correspondence methodology, and estimating technique. We will compose a custom article test on Global Marketing and RD explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Global Marketing and RD explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Global Marketing and RD explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer An organizations showcasing blend is the arrangement of decision that if offers its clients. Numerous organizations change their showcasing blend from nation to nation contingent upon contrasts in societies, levels of monetary turn of events, item and specialized measures, the accessibility of circulation channels, etc. The section examines the vital ramifications of every component of the showcasing blend for a worldwide firm. The connection among promoting and RD is additionally talked about. The creator emphasizes the point that selling an item on a worldwide scale may necessitate that a firm shift its items from nation to nation to fulfill neighborhood inclinations. This may require a firm to build up RD focuses in various pieces of the world, and intently interface RD and showcasing in every locale to guarantee that the organization is delivering items that its abroad clients will purchase. Opening Case: Dove †Building a Global Brand Summary The initial case investigates how Unilever’s reconfigured its advertising blend for its Dove image. Generally, Unilever had tweaked its items and advertising efforts for each market, a procedure that brought about duplication of exertion, yet in addition in authoritative unpredictability. In 2003, Unilever moved its technique to build up an all the more universally normalized approach for Dove. The organization presently utilizes an essential message for the brand, and permits some customization at the neighborhood level. Conversation of the case can start with the accompanying inquiries: QUESTION 1: How might you depict Unilever’s way to deal with global markets preceding 2003? What were the upsides of this procedure? What were the disadvantages of this methodology? ANSWER 1: Prior to 2003, Unilever pretty much moved toward each market independently. The organization frequently grew totally various items and showcasing efforts for each market. In India for instance, the organization built up a cleanser intended to clean hair that had been oiled. In any case, it additionally grew totally various items for both Hong Kong and China. This methodology of tweaking items, bundling, and messages to singular markets while permitting the firm to oblige the individual needs of clients additionally prompted significant expenses, unpredictability, and disarray inside the association. QUESTION 2: In 2003, Unilever received its Real Beauty technique. Clarify how this new technique varied from its customary way to deal with remote markets? By what method should this new move toward help Unilever’s global deals? ANSWER 2: Unilever’s Real Beauty system included building up an essential item and message that could be utilized over a few markets, however that took into account tweaking at the nearby level. In this way, as opposed to building up a Dove cleanser and message for the Indian market, and for the Chinese market, etc, the organization utilized a fundamental message that Dove represented the magnificence all things considered, and afterward the item and message was adjusted to nearby markets. Along these lines, while the fundamental message is the equivalent, in the Latin America, advertisements may show ladies contacting one another, yet in the United States, the promotion may show ladies standing separated from one another. Also, the Real Beauty message was brought through different items like body gels and skin creams permitting Unilever to additionally diminish its expenses. Up until this point, the new system is by all accounts working. Pigeon is currently a main brand in the worldwide commercial center. Instructing Tip: To see become familiar with Unilever’s global tasks and its Real Beauty system, go to {http://www. unilever. com/}. Talk Note: To stretch out this conversation to Unilever’s endeavors to advertise another cleanser in a few nations, go to {http://www. businessweek. om/globalbiz/content/feb2008/gb20080215_454648. htm? chan=search}. Part Outline with Lecture Notes, Video Notes, and Teaching Tips INTRODUCTION A) This section investigates how a worldwide business can perform promoting and RD exercises to diminish the expenses of significant worth creation and include an incentive by better serving client needs. B) The pressure that exists in most global organizations between the need to decrease costs and the should be receptive to neighborhood conditions is especially dominating in this part as we take a gander at the turn of events and showcasing of items C) The four components that establish a firm’s advertising blend, or set of decisions the firm proposals to its focused on business sectors, are item traits, conveyance system, correspondence technique, and estimating procedure. THE GLOBALIZATION OF MARKETS AND BRANDS A) Theodore Levitt expounded expressively on the globalization of world markets. Levitt’s contentions merit citing at some length since they have become something of a helping bar for the discussion about the degree of globalization. B) The present accord among scholastics is that in spite of the fact that the world is moving towards worldwide markets, the proceeding with constancy of social and financial contrasts among countries goes about as a significant brake on any pattern toward worldwide shopper tastes and inclinations. Furthermore, exchange obstructions and contrasts item and specialized norms likewise oblige an organizations capacity to offer a normalized item to a worldwide market. Showing Tip: Some organizations region in the matter of helping firms go worldwide. One model is Global Reach {http://www. glreach. com/eng/intltrade/file. hp3} which centers around global Internet promoting. MARKET SEGMENTATION A) Market division alludes to recognizing particular gatherings of customers whose buying conduct varies from others in significant manners. Firms must alter their promoting blend from portion to section. The objective is to streamline the fit between the buying conduct of purchasers in a given porti on and the promoting blend. B) International directors need to consider the presence of portions that rise above national outskirts and comprehend contrasts across nations in the structure of fragments. C) For a fragment to rise above national outskirts, customers in that section must make them constrain likenesses that lead to similitudes in buying conduct. D) Where such likenesses don't exist, there must be some customization if the firm is to augment execution in the market. This customization might be in the item, the bundling, or just the manner by which the item is advertised. E) Global market fragments are substantially more liable to exist in mechanical items (e. g. , memory chips, concoction items, and corporate securities) than in customer items. The executives Focus: Marketing to Black Brazil Summary This element investigates how organizations are showcasing to Brazil’s dark populace. In spite of the fact that Brazil is home to a sizable racial minority, to date organizations have basically disregarded the market fragment. Presently be that as it may, organizations are starting to focus on the gathering utilizing items and advancements explicitly produced for the market. Conversation of the component can start with the accompanying inquiries: Suggested Discussion Questions 1. Portray the contrasts between the dark populace in the United States and the dark populace in Brazil. What are the ramifications of these distinctions for the Brazilian culture in general? Conversation Points: Racial separation in the United States has made the country’s dark populace a recognizable subculture. Conversely, in Brazil prejudice has been increasingly unpretentious, and the dark populace has not been rejected in the way found in the United States. Indeed, Brazil has empowered relationships among blacks and whites. At long last, most African-Brazilians consider themselves part of a culture that rises above race, as opposed to as dark or white. Most understudies will likely propose that this mentality advances a progressively strong culture where inclinations toward or against specific gatherings are not predominant. 2. How has Unilever focused on the dark populace in B

The Role and Effect of International Business Strategies - Free Essay Example

The survival and progression of businesses in the 21st century is highly dependent on the ability of firms to expand beyond their national borders, taking into account the cost effectiveness of expansion and the complexity and risks associated with the companys chosen international business strategy (Peng, Wang, Jiang, 2008). The resources and objectives of a firm, as well as the demand for their product outside their national borders are important in taking the decision to globalise a companys products and/or services (Miller, 1992). Although three strategies are more common in the management literature, namely multi domestic, global and transnational approaches, the fourth strategy available to firms, according to Barlett and Ghoshal (1989) is the international approach to global expansion. This essay will analyse the two approaches that differ in local responsiveness and cost pressure for the business, with the international approach as the least responsive and expensive for the company and the transnational approach as the most costly and locally focused from the four options available to companies. To start with, local responsiveness of multinational corporations is often a matter of mutual expectations of the company expanding into a region and the local customers demands and needs (Gomez-Mejia Palich, 1997). For instance, food and beverage companies from the Western world (i.e. the US or the UK) expanding into Asian countries need to integrate certain products in their range that suit the demands of local consumers (Watson, 2006). As such, the role of the transnational approach is to enable companies from a culturally distinct country to penetrate a new market successfully (London Hart, 2004). There are both positive and negative effects of the transnational a pproach. Developing a business model and manufacturing strategies is a costly process for any company and changing this for the purpose of integrating new products specific to a region is an additional financial pressure for multinational companies (Zaheer, 1995). Although the negative impact of local adaptation may deter some firms from adopting this strategy, the success of companies like McDonalds which take this approach proves that the additional costs can increase the chances of global success and the return on investment (ROI) for the company (Luo, 2001). The core advantage of the transnational approach is the potential of multinational firms to compete with local counterparts in a more effective manner through offering local products alongside their already established reputation (Dawar Frost, 1999). High levels of local responsiveness also ensures that the reputation in the new region contributes to the ethical image and the overall CSR of a multinational company (Husted Allen, 2006). Large corporations are often accused of unethical conduct due to the cost competitiveness with the local providers, as international firms often perfect their manufacturing techniques in order to reduce all the time and resource waste, therefore allowing them to compete with local firms (Meyer, 2004). An increasing number of countries have launched campaigns which promote local companies over the international competitors claiming that regional businesses understand the needs and desires of their customer base more, unlike the multinational firms (Kapferer, 2002). This underlines the importance of local responsiveness, as the resistance of local customers decreases when a multinational demonstrates a desire to first understand the locals behaviour and adjust their strategy accordingly when entering a new region (Prahalad Doz, 1999). In spite of the important role and effect of the transnational approach, there are multiple companies which have succeeded despite the ir disregard of the local customers specific needs and desires (Samiee Roth, 1992). These companies opted for internationalisation as a strategy for global expansion, relying on the recognisability of their brand name, logo, specific products, packaging, etc. A successful company which took this approach in their international expansion is Starbucks, who launched their very specific coffee shops across the world aiming to take over the market share of local coffee shops through offering a very specific experience, rather than focusing exclusively on the beverages offered (Harrison, 2005). Although the local Starbucks coffee shops across the world offer some specific products, such as a variety of green tea products in Asian countries, the core product sold by Starbucks is the experience that customers enjoy alongside their chosen beverage (Gaudio, 2003). Whilst it was difficult at start for Starbucks to maintain a standardised approach to the design of their customer experience, ta king over local coffee shop chains and their clientele has proven to be a successful tactic (Loeb, 2013). This international approach therefore reduces the initial cost pressure through taking over a large share of the customers of former cafÃÆ' ©s in the local region and the premises which were built and used for an identical purpose (Barkema Vermeulen, 1998). Rebranding the coffee shops in order to maintain a standard image is less expensive than building coffee shops from scratch, in addition to the existing customer base that the American giant is able to take over (Gaviria, 2012). In consequence, the role of the international approach as an expansion tactic is to allow companies to expand quickly, cost effectively and effortlessly (Contractor, Kumar, Kundu, 2007). The effect of the tactic is a positive one from a financial viewpoint and, more often than not, a negative one from a reputation point of view, as citizens perceive this approach to disregard any specific cultura l aspect of the region that multinationals penetrate. It is, therefore, obvious that each of these two approaches have their advantages and disadvantages for the company aiming to explore a new region, the local competition and the customer base in the country. However, companies must take into account the impact of the global mobility of the workforce and the extent to which social media influences the demands of customers and the reputation of a multinational firm (Okazaki Taylor, 2013). The role and effect of both international business strategies are influenced by these elements, as consistency in a multinationals approach is even more important in the light of individuals travelling on a regular basis for business and work purposes and the ability of people all over the world to share information via social media (Jin, Park, Kim, 2008). In other words, a company must set their priorities from the onset of internationalisation in order to maximise their earning potential an d the international reputation through their chosen tactic for global reach (Vrontis, Thrassou, Lamprianou, 2009). As a result of this, both the role and the effect of the international business strategies are enhanced in the long run, as companies are less able to change their view on the approach to conquering new regions. Well established Western companies must ponder over the decision of investing capital in the transnational approach, as their lack of success of competing against local companies could mean that their financial loss may never be recuperated (Prahalad Doz, 1999). On the other hand, without an adaptation to the locals needs and desires an international companys ability to succeed may be compromised, but the financial impact of this failure will not be as great as that supported by companies who invest capital in adaptation (Solberg, 2002). Companies must take into account all of the influencing factors, particularly those that stem from cultural elements of t he destination country, when opting for an international business strategy (Drogendijk Slangen, 2006). The gains of the company must be maximised through international expansion and the best solution is often dependent on the capital that the multinational is willing to invest in the their global strategy, as well as the market positioning of local competitors and the resistance of local consumers to new and international products or services. The emergence of social media also offers multinational companies an advantage, as the contact between individuals from distinct areas makes it possible for demand in one country for a particular brand to grow through online advertising of particular products (Kaplan Haenlein, 2010). The international tactic is therefore made easy by the ability to promote a company through social media and export products, without any concern for local adaptation, through online shopping. On the other hand, the success of companies with brick and mortar sho ps in new region is significantly higher than that of companies that rely exclusively on online retail (Steinfield, Adelaar, Liu, 2005). In addition to this, not all regions have the same level of trust towards online shopping, as the security concerns in some regions are significantly higher, particularly when no efforts of local adaptation are made by the international firm (Bart, Shankar, Sultan, Urban, 2005). In conclusion, the role and effect of international business strategies are crucial in the success of expanding a business beyond its national borders, but the potential of these can only be maximised when taking into account other elements that contribute to the internationalisation, such as local culture, the demands, needs and wants of customer base targeted, etc. The impact of the chosen strategy must be thoroughly analysed by a firm, as international strategies require consistency over time in the approach taken. In consequence, the advantages and disadvantages pr esented in this essay must be weighed against the multinationals company mission and their future plans in order to opt for one of the two extremes, transnational or internationalisation approach, or the two other options in between, global or multinational approach. Bibliography Barkema, H. G., Vermeulen, F. (1998). International Expansion Through Start-Up or Acquisition: A Learning Perspective. Journal of Academy Management, 41(1), 7-26. Barlett, C. A., Ghoshal, S. (1989). Matrix management: not a structure, a frame of mind. Harvard Business Review, 68(4), 138-145. Bart, Y., Shankar, V., Sultan, F., Urban, G. L. (2005). Are the drivers and role of online trust the same for all web sites and consumers? A large-scale exploratory empirical study. Journal of Marketing, 69(4), 133-152. Contractor, F. J., Kumar, V., Kundu, S. K. (2007). Nature of the relationship between international expansion and performance: The case of emerging market firms. Journal of World Business, 42(4), 401-417. Dawar, N., Frost, T. (1999). Competing with giants: Survival strategies for local companies in emerging markets. Harvard Business Review, 77(1), 119-132. Drogendijk, R., Slangen, A. (2006). Hofstede, Schwartz, or managerial perceptions? The effects of diffe rent cultural distance measures on establishment mode choices by multinational enterprises. International Business Review, 15(4), 361-380. Gaudio, R. P. (2003). Coffeetalk: Starbucksà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ and the commercialization of casual conversation. Language in Society, 32(5), 659-691. Gaviria, D. (2012, April 5). An American Coffee Company in Paris à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Starbucks Rebrands French Stores. Retrieved June 16, 2015, from Branding Magazine: https://www.brandingmagazine.com/2012/04/05/an-american-coffee-company-in-paris-starbucks-rebrands-french-stores/ Gomez-Mejia, L. R., Palich, L. E. (1997). Cultural Diversity and the Performance of Multinational Firms. Journal of International Business Studies, 28(2), 309-335. Harrison, J. S. (2005). Exporting a North American Concept to Asia Starbucks in China. Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 46(2), 275-283. Husted, B. W., Allen, D. B. (2006). Corporate social responsibility in the multinational enterprise: strategic and i nstitutional approaches. Journal of International Business Studies, 37(1), 838-849. Jin, B., Park, J. Y., Kim, J. (2008). Cross-cultural examination of the relationships among firm reputation, e-satisfaction, e-trust, and e-loyalty. International Marketing Review, 25(3), 324-337. Kapferer, J. N. (2002). Is there really no hope for local brands? The Journal of Brand Management, 9(3), 163-170. Kaplan, A., Haenlein, M. (2010). Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of Social Media. Business Horizons, 53(1), 59-68. Loeb, W. (2013, January 31). Starbucks: Global Coffee Giant Has New Growth Plans. Retrieved June 16, 2015, from Forbes: https://www.forbes.com/sites/walterloeb/2013/01/31/starbucks-global-coffee-giant-has-new-growth-plans/ London, T., Hart, S. L. (2004). Reinventing strategies for emerging markets: beyond the transnational model. Journal of International Business Studies, 35(1), 350-370. Luo, Y. (2001). Determinants of local responsiv eness: perspectives from foreign subsidiaries in an emerging market. Journal of Management, 27(4), 451-477. Meyer, K. E. (2004). Perspectives on multinational enterprises in emerging economies. Journal of International Business Studies, 35(1), 259-276. Miller, K. D. (1992). A Framework for Integrated Risk Management in International Business. Journal of International Business Studies, 23(2), 311-331. Okazaki, S., Taylor, C. R. (2013). Social media and international advertising: theoretical challenges and future directions. International Marketing Review, 30(1), 56-71. Peng, M. W., Wang, D. Y., Jiang, Y. (2008). An institution-based view of international business strategy: A focus on emerging economies. Journal of International Business Studies, 36(5), 920-936. Prahalad, C. K., Doz, Y. L. (1999). The Multinational Mission: Balancing Local Demands and Global Vision. New York: Simon Schuster. Samiee, S., Roth, K. (1992). The Influence of Global Marketing Standard ization on Performance. Journal of Marketing, 56(2), 1-17. Solberg, C. A. (2002). The perennial issue of adaptation or standardization of international marketing communication: organizational contingencies and performance. Journal of International Marketing, 10(3), 1-21. Steinfield, C., Adelaar, T., Liu, F. (2005). Click and mortar strategies viewed from the web: A content analysis of features illustrating integration between retailers online and offline presence. Electronic Markets, 15(3), 199-212. Vrontis, D., Thrassou, A., Lamprianou, I. (2009). International marketing adaptation versus standardisation of multinational companies. International Marketing Review, 26(4/5), 477-500. Watson, J. L. (2006). Golden Arches East: McDonalds in East Asia (2nd ed.). Stanford: Stanford University Press. Zaheer, S. (1995). Overcoming the liability of foreignness. Academy of Management Journal, 38(2), 341-363.

The Element of the Demand of Authority Free Essay Example, 1500 words

Veterans who have had a lot of battle experience know how crucial it is to just follow the authoritative commands of their leaders. Good leadership qualities are an indispensable factor to ensure the success of authoritative demand. However, studies conducted by Milgram (Grossman, 144) show that there are many factors that are involved in executing authoritative demand. The presence of the authoritative figure alone is not enough because there are other sub- factors that are involved in order for the operation to be a success. One of the most important factors is that the figure of authority should always be within close proximity to ensure obedience. For example, during Milgram s study, an authoritative figure stood just behind an individual who was commanded to inflict shocks by increasing the voltage, on a victim each time he answered something incorrectly. However, when the figure of authority carried out the same command by telephone, many of them could not proceed to carry out the commands, proving that proximity of the person in authority is vital to the proper execution of the commands given. Strong bonding and respect for the leader in authority is vital for carrying out the demands. We will write a custom essay sample on The Element of the Demand of Authority or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page It is not enough for the person in authority to be present, but communicating the urgency for behavior is vital. Arguably, in normal circumstances it is quite unusual for a human being to kill another human being, but in combat there is a clear expectancy to kill on demand. Even an example of behavior on the part of the leader could trigger the warranted killer activity by the group members. If the authority leader does not communicate his intention emphatically and clearly, then it is very unlikely that his command would be carried out.

Analysis Of The Movie Everything Is Illuminated

Everything is Illuminated is a movie about a young American Jew, Jonathan, on a journey to uncover the history of his grandfather’s past through the help of a man named Alex Perchow, and his grandfather. This journey brings to light or â€Å"illuminates† these characters lives in one way or another. â€Å"We assign symbols to everything we do in life and we do not even realize it because society has imposed norms to our way of thinking (Cassier, 71). The movie uses Jonathan’s need to collect items of his past family members as a symbol of a subjective reality. These items especially the picture of his grandfather represent living history to Jonathan and because of this Jonathan is afraid that without these items he will forget the past. Alex has been socialized by his culture to abide by traditional norms and traditions, however Alex creates an identity for himself by adopting the lifestyle and norms of a reference group he wants to assimilate into, that being Americans. Alexander has been socialized by television and other forms of media to have this image of what it means to be a â€Å"true† American and adopts these similar lifestyle choices. It is through the help of Jonathan that Alexander breaks away from his socialized ways and discover his own identity. I will be exploring how Jonathan creates meaning through his job as a â€Å"collector† and how Alex using the American lifestyle as a reference group in order to create an identity for himself and how Jonathan helps him break away fromShow MoreRelatedScene Analysis of Mary Shelleys Frankenstein Essay790 Words   |  4 PagesScene Analysis of Mary Shelleys Frankenstein Frankenstein was a novel written by Mary Shelley in 1832. At the time when Frankenstein was written gothic novels were very popular and so this novel was seen to be very popular. In 1994 the Frankenstein novel was turned into a movie by Kenneth Branagh, starring Kenneth Branagh himself as Victor Frankenstein. 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Television Studies - Forms and Approaches

Question: Discuss about the Television Studies, Forms and Approaches. Answer: Introduction: Fiction reflects the reality. The life of every human being is possessed with extreme violence, anger and hardships. Women are the brightest example of it. In order to survive in the real world coupled with immense hatred ferociousness, women have to find their own way for surviving their entire life in the realm vulgarity. Sex and the city has always been considered as one of the most recognizable shows that depicts how a women has to face innumerable difficulties in order to make their journey smoother in the society. Feminism is the central perception of this particular show, which is amalgamated with fiction and hypothesis. In order to make a television show attractive and visually effective, fiction is one of the major aspects based on which one particular viewer tends to open up the channel to enjoy the taste of series. Ames and Melissa pointed out that the entire show is endowed with sexual intimation that can truly affect the mind of young generation. On the other hand, Bigne ll and Jonathan mentioned that depicting sexuality and its essence is not the only purpose of broadcasting this particular show. Sex and the city is the story surrounded with three women their journeys of life. An individual woman has to face innumerable difficulties in order to survive in the society. In this particular show, feminism despite being the primary concept conveys some of the substitute messages (Buonanno and Milly 175). The entire story is amalgamated with love, hatred, romance, affection so that viewers do not have to feel monotonous while viewing one by one episode. Season 5 has received most of the popularities from the target audience due to some of its mesmerizing episodes. Spectators could not blink for a while at the time of watching episode number 6. As per the point of view of Oria, Sex and the city would provide the flavor of emotion, joy and anger at the same time. People especially women can relate their own life to the practical field while watching this show. Significance of this series: The message that Oria wants to convey through this particular story is complexity and barriers of human life especially of women. Throughout the entire journey, women have to face innumerable difficulties in order to survive in the world. The entire journey of Carrie and Charlott are the primary concern of this series (Giroux, Henry and Peter McLaren 34). Charlott after managing the entire household activities is very much flexible to spend her sufficient time with her friends. On one hand, she showed her responsibility towards the family members. At the same time, this woman knows how to bring happiness in life. Carrie has been depicted as out an out a confused woman who never can decide the right person for her life. Through the character of Carrie, the author intended to highlight the psychology of every individual woman belonging to the society (Gray, Jonathan and Amanda 123). Miranda plays the role of a lawyer who has to devote a huge time with her clients in order to solve thei r issues. The author by depicting the character of Miranda points out that general problem of the people in the real world. In day-to-day life, people have to face such kinds of barriers. In order to solve the problems of other, this particular individual fails to provide sufficient time to their family. As a result, they have to face numerous questions from their family members. Miranda was so engrossed with her professional life that she failed to devote sufficient time to her family members (Hartley and John 150). As a result, a large distance has already been created between Miranda and her family. Therefore, with the help of an in-depth analysis, the author has depicted the life history of three women from various points of views. Three women have been depicted as the controversial characters that have to struggle immensely in order to survive in the real world. Therefore, Samantha overall plays the role of a woman who always intends to act many controversial activities with the help of w hich the society people tend to raise question. In the age of mid-forty Samantha keeps the beauty of her face and figure. She has never been presented as a mere woman. Samantha is the woman who is very much recognizable to the society as a successful woman (Lewis and Justin 234). Therefore, the entire story is constituted with the upheaval journey of three women who have become a victim to the society in numerous perspectives. Brief Overview of "S05E06" episode: This particular season of Sex and the City depicts the transition from illustrating the life sequences of Parker. These episodes are written after September. However, it is noted that the season has been considered as one of the ridiculous and odd types of confusions that have been surrounding the characters in it. The characters are put into the air of nervousness that is making their regular life more frustrating (Bell 363). Each of the ladies in this episode is shown as the sufferer of several traumas. For example, Carrie has been going through the uncertain mess whereas Charlotte is found to be struggling with divorce. On the other way, Samantha gives a man a second chance, which is apparently misguided. In this season, the viewers have even come across several meaningless situations when Carrie and Samantha catch the train to San Francisco. It was not required to put such sequence in the episode. They should not have taken the train, but they did for the sake of their stressed lives. However, there is the sequence when the romanticism between Charlotte and Harry takes place. This romantic atmosphere was an eye-opening situation for Charlotte, as she got to find the real earth after a long time. She has been spinning around the scattered lifestyles, which turned out to be some madness. The friskiness of Carrie regarding the new relationship and ridiculous nastiness over the new book publication is clearly portrayed in this season. Such publishing of the book creates an air for meta-criticism to define the inconsequential stuffs that have been happening repeatedly. However, in reviewing the 6th episode of season 5, it is noticed that Carrie deals with her past with Aidan. Carrie met Nina Katz, who was the ex partner of Aidan after his break up with Carrie. Charlotte is found to get an efficient lawyer who could help her out to fight against Bunny regarding her apartment. On the other hand, Miranda feels alone when she has to fight to take care of Brady all by herself. It is noted that Samantha returns a vibrator and started spending time with Miranda. Therefore, it is seen that the episode is defining the messy condition of each lady who are associated in this season as the major characters. The air of confusions and nervousness that has created around her is compelling them to move forward with several troublesome situations. It takes greater courage to deal with the past scenario when Carrie decides to confront the current situation. It becomes tough to deal with several messy situations in this particular scenario. However, it is already mentioned that the ridiculed situations and the ineffective sequences have made the episode somewhat weird. The synchronization of the lifestyle of associated women is still remarkable. It clearly portrays the real life situations that are faced by the women in the society (Urios-Aparisi and Manuela 167). Several situations even depict the eye-opening scenario for the women who have been struggling for their irrelevant decisions. However, overall the episode is quite confusing and full of criticisms. It still catches the eyes and hearts of the viewers. In-depth analysis: Carrie is the central character throughout the entire story that plays a major role for entertaining the spectators. She in her own way has narrated the entire story. Carrie being one of the renowned columnists presents the entire description in such a way that people in general can relate them with their personal life. The way of expression was out an out related to the entire real world (Philo, Greg and David Miller 43). In the description of Carrie, the life of three other women has also been narrated. Therefore, the author has narrated a fiction in those particular characters in order to make the series more interesting and trustworthy. In episode number 6 of season 5, the turning of life of both Carrie and Charlott has been depicted beautifully. The problems and the psychological attachment that have been presented in the mouth of Carrie are truly commendable. People in general can easily relate themselves with their own life style. The day-to-day life styles of these three women, their hardships, their ways of facing difficulties are the primary concern of author. The psychological and the sexual attachment that have been presented in this particular series especially in season five is completely praiseworthy. In order to handle the entire critical situation, three women have shown their own skills and competencies (Seiter, Ellen et al. 154). They have never given up in any circumstance. Their presence of mind and their intellectualism helped those women to face the hard situation. Therefore, apart from the female spectators, a large number of male viewers also showed their interest in order to behold this kind of series. The message that has been conveyed to the viewers: Behind making this kind of story, the aim and the objective of the author was not only to present a feminism concept to the audience, but also to depict the real portrait of the society at the-then period. At that specific time, women had been intensely humiliated and dominated with the rules and burdens of male dominated society. Most of the young women intended to keep themselves under curtain (Stringer and Julian 65). At that time, Carrie, Charllott and Samantha are the exceptional who are able to create a brightest example in the then society. On one hand, Charlott is seen to find out the source of happiness by spending the life in her own way. At the same time, she has maintained every responsibility towards her family. Through the depiction of character, the author has conveyed the message that women are versatile. They know how to lead their own life keeping everyone happy and satisfied. In this society, where people have to spend their own life being extremely obedient toward s their family members, Charlott is successful enough to lead their life in own way. On the other hand, by depicting the character of Carrie, the author intends to highlight the fact that human being tends to take most of their impulsive decisions at the young age. Carrie is the brightest example of it. She shows her confusing attitudes at the time of selecting right person for her. This particular mental dilemma is very much common for the young generations. They become confused to choose the right person for them. On the other hand, the role of Miranda has been represented in a very realistic manner. At that particular time, women received their freedom to enjoy the taste of World. Miranda has provided her as a successful lawyer. She became engulfed in satisfying the needs and demands of the clients. As a result, her husband became deprived of her love and affection (Vered, Karen Orr 324). After following the dedication of Miranda for being a successful professional, the women generation at that particular period took immense inspiration from this specific characte r. Conclusion: This particular study deals with the importance of television series for making an inspirational factor to the society in general. Sex and the city is one of the major instant of it. This particular series has provided innumerable popularity in the realm of television industry. The viewers especially women can relate themselves after observing the characters of this particular story. Especially, season five is able to raise more attention in the mind of spectators due to the several reasons. The turning points of life and the way of major decision of these three have been beautifully presented in this particular episode. The three central characters that the author has portrayed in this particular story represent the progress of women industry. Feminism is the central theme of Sex and the city Life. At the same time, the story is not devoid of some of its major effects that can encourage the people in general for watching this series. Love, affection, hatred, hardships, sexual attachment and all those aspects are beautifully presented here. Reference List: Ames, Melissa.Time in Television Narrative: Exploring Temporality in Twenty-First-Century Programming. Univ. Press of Mississippi, 2012. Bell, Katherine. "Obvie, We're the Ladies! Postfeminism, privilege, and HBO's newest Girls."Feminist Media Studies13.2 (2013): 363-366. Bignell, Jonathan.An introduction to television studies. Routledge, 2012. Bruzzi, Stella, and Pamela Church Gibson.Fashion Cultures Revisited: Theories, Explorations and Analysis. Routledge, 2013. Buonanno, Milly. "The transatlantic romance of television studies and the tradition of qualityin italian TV drama."The Journal of Popular Television1.2 (2013): 175-189. Giroux, Henry A., and Peter McLaren.Between borders: Pedagogy and the politics of cultural studies. Routledge, 2014. Gray, Jonathan, and Amanda D. Lotz.Television studies. Polity, 2012. Hartley, John.Communication, cultural and media studies: The key concepts. Routledge, 2012. Huesmann, L. Rowell, and Leonard D. Eron.Television and the aggressive child: A cross-national comparison. Routledge, 2013. Lewis, Justin.The ideological octopus: An exploration of television and its audience. Routledge, 2013. Oren, Tasha, and Sharon Shahaf, eds.Global television formats: Understanding television across borders. Routledge, 2013. Philo, Greg, and David Miller, eds.Market killing: What the free market does and what social scientists can do about it. Routledge, 2014. Seiter, Ellen, et al.Remote control: Television, audiences, and cultural power. Routledge, 2013. Stringer, Julian.Movie blockbusters. Routledge, 2013. Urios-Aparisi, Eduardo, and Manuela Wagner. "Prosody of Humor in Sex and the City."Attardo et al., Prosody and Humor(2013): 167-88. Vered, Karen Orr, and Sal Humphreys. "Postfeminist inflections in television studies."Continuum28.2 (2014): 155-163.

The North Atlantic Run The Submarine War And The Allied Response Duri

The North Atlantic Run: The Submarine War And The Allied Response During Ww 2 The North Atlantic Run: The Submarine war and the Allied Response in the Second World War In September 1939, with the beginning of World War II, German U-boat operations got under way against allied forces; the allies responded to the U-boat threat with a number of counter measures. The combined affect of protection of ships by convoys, harassment of U-boats by airplanes, and other anti-submarine warfare measures, reduced the ability of the U-boats to cut Britain off from her suppliers in North America. In order to assess the effectiveness of the allied response, it is first necessary to look at the U-boats. In looking at the U-boats it is not only necessary to look at the various types of U-boats and their deployment, but also to look at the German's goals and the tactics that they employed in an attempt to reach those goals. The Treaty of Versailles ending world war one prohibited Germany from having any U-boats. When the treaty was changed under The Anglo-German Naval agreement, one of the things that the Germans did to rebuild their navy was to rebuild the U-boat wing. Their first U-boats were for general sea-going and coastal abilities, the U-boats first built for this purpose were types I and II. The type I had a surface speed of 17.75 knots and 8.25 knots submerged on electric engines, for armament it had 4.1 inch and 22 mm. anti-aircraft guns and six torpedoes. In comparison, the type II had speeds of 13 knots surfaced and 7 knots submerged with three torpedoes and one 20 mm. anti-aircraft gun. The type II was smaller than the type I. The Germans developed other U-boats between types III and VII, but the most popular model came with the type VII. The type VII had a displacement of 500 tons and with about 700 built, became the German's main U-boat. It was equipped with a 3.5-inch anti-aircraft gun, four bow torpedo tubes, a single stern torpedo tube, and carried 14 torpedoes; it had a surface speed of 16 knots. The Germans also built several other U-boat types, the most popular being the type IX with a displacement of 750 tons and 150 being constructed. The type IX had a 4.1-inch anti-aircraft gun, 4 bow torpedo tubes, 2 stern tubes, and carried 19 torpedoes; it had a surface speed of 17 knots. Along with these main U-boats the Germans also had 10 supply U-boats built for refueling their other U-boats to extend their range. The type XIV U-tanker had a displacement of 1688 tons and had no torpedo tubes, instead the room was used to carry 635 tons of fuel, which could be used to resupply about twelve other U-boats. A ll of these U-boats were, as with the types I and II, slower under water as they had to switch to their electric engines, their speed was thus reduced to about 6 or 7 knots. These U-boats used, or tried, several different tactics against the allies during World War II to meet their war aims, which was to attack . . . Britain's supply lines . . . for the achievement of our naval strategic aims . . . to cut her off from her suppliers in North America. Militarily, the Germans tried to use the U-boats in support of other operations. The most famous of these was the invasion of Norway in April 1940. The Germans had planned to use the U-boats to protect their landing vessels against British attack while troops were dropped of in Norway and the vessels returned to Germany. During the invasion the Germans used all the U-boats that were available, assigning them primarily defensive roles. Thirteen U- boats were used to prevent the British from interfering in the landings in Norway and another four U-boats were then used to protect German communications lines between Germany and Norway. Another thirteen were used to attack the British Home Fleet if the British decided to send them to interfere with the invasion. The use of the U-boats in the invasion was basically a failure because their torpedoes were adversely affected by the high latitude as